VMware esxi 無 Video (螢幕)輸出的安裝方式

無 VGA 螢幕輸出的系統要安裝 VMware 時,可以透過 serial (comport) 序列埠的方式來進行安裝程序,首先我們需要修改 VMware 的安裝設定檔,也因此無法直接透過 CD 光碟來安裝,這邊採用 PXE 的方式來安裝.

你可能須要先了解一下關於

• 架設 PXE 伺服器
• VMware PXE 設定檔
• 透過序列埠安裝 Linux 系統

透過 PXE 安裝 VMware

首先需要設定 PXE 開機的設定檔 default,不同版本的 Vmware PXE 方式會有些不同.下面是 VMware esxi5 PXE 的設定檔,Esxi6 的設定檔類似.

[root@benjr ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg/default
LABEL esxi50
kernel vmware-esxi-5/mboot.c32
append -c vmware-esxi-5/boot.cfg

剛剛設定有使用到 boot.cfg ,這個檔案需要修改成符合序列埠的方式來進行安裝.

[root@benjr vmware-esxi-5]# cat boot.cfg 
bootstate=0
title=Loading ESXi installer
prefix=/vmware-esxi-5/
kernel=tboot.b00
kernelopt=runweasel text nofb com1_buad=115200 com1_Port=0x3f8 gdbPort=none logPort=none tty2Port=com1
modules=b.b00 — useropts.gz — k.b00 — a.b00 — brcdprov.v00 — net-bna.v00 — scsi-bfa.v00 — emulex-c.v00 — ima-be2i.v00 — net-be2n.v00 — scsi-be2.v00 — scsi-lpf.v00 — fupb.v00 — concrete.v00 — filetran.v00 — fwupdate.v00 — hwckvm.v00 — immpasst.v00 — pciinfo.v00 — soibms.v00 — LSIProvi.v00 — ima-qla4.v00 — provider.v00 — ata-pata.v00 — ata-pata.v01 — ata-pata.v02 — ata-pata.v03 — ata-pata.v04 — ata-pata.v05 — ata-pata.v06 — ata-pata.v07 — block-cc.v00 — ehci-ehc.v00 — s.v00 — weaselin.i00 — ilfu.v00 — ipmi-ipm.v00 — ipmi-ipm.v01 — ipmi-ipm.v02 — misc-cni.v00 — misc-dri.v00 — net-bnx2.v00 — net-bnx2.v01 — net-cnic.v00 — net-e100.v00 — net-e100.v01 — net-enic.v00 — net-forc.v00 — net-igb.v00 — net-ixgb.v00 — net-nx-n.v00 — net-qlge.v00 — net-r816.v00 — net-r816.v01 — net-s2io.v00 — net-sky2.v00 — net-tg3.v00 — ohci-usb.v00 — sata-ahc.v00 — sata-ata.v00 — sata-sat.v00 — sata-sat.v01 — sata-sat.v02 — sata-sat.v03 — scsi-aac.v00 — scsi-adp.v00 — scsi-aic.v00 — scsi-bnx.v00 — scsi-fni.v00 — scsi-hps.v00 — scsi-ips.v00 — scsi-meg.v00 — scsi-meg.v01 — scsi-meg.v02 — scsi-mpt.v00 — scsi-mpt.v01 — scsi-mpt.v02 — scsi-qla.v00 — scsi-qla.v01 — uhci-usb.v00 — tools.t00 — ibmcusto.v00 — imgdb.tgz — imgpayld.tgz
build=
updated=0

主要是新增 kernelopt 關於序列埠的設定.

kernelopt=runweasel text nofb com1_buad=115200 com1_Port=0x3f8 gdbPort=none logPort=none tty2Port=com1

1. text
   使用文字模式安裝.
2. nofb
   No Frame Buffer
3. com1_baud=115200
   序列埠1 的鮑率設定成為 115200
4. com1_Port=0x3f8
   Com1 的序列埠 I/O 位址預設都是 0x3f8,不設定這個也是可以的.
5. tty2Port=com1
   指定 tty (就是序列埠) 為 com1 (Comport 1)
6. gdbPort=none
7. logPort=none
   我猜是將 GDB / Log 設定成無 ??

這樣安裝的時候就可以透過 comport (serial) port 序列埠安裝 VMware 了.安裝方式同一般安裝.

透過序列埠開機的 VMware esxi

不像是 Redhat 之類的 Linux 系統,從 comport (serial) port 序列埠安裝完作業系統後,系統就會自動幫我們設定好從 comport (serial) port 序列埠為預設的輸出,但安裝好的 VMware 還要自行修改 boot.cfg 開機參數,可以透過下面這個方式.

VMware 官方網站建議使用下面的方式來修改序列埠為預設的輸出,但是我卻遇到很多實際使用上的問題.
https://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-50/index.jsp

• Start the host.
• When the Loading VMware Hypervisor window appears, press Shift+O to edit boot options.
• Disable the logPort and gdbPort on com1 and set tty2Port to com1 by entering the following boot options:
  “gdbPort=none logPort=none tty2Port=com1”;
  To use com2 instead, replace com1 with com2.

https://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-50/index.jsp

• From the vSphere Client, connect to the vCenter Server and select the host in the inventory.
• Click the Configuration tab.
• Under Software, click Advanced Settings.
• In the left pane, expand the VMkernel listing and select Boot.
• Make sure that the VMkernel.Boot.logPort and VMkernel.Boot.gdbPort fields are not set to use the com port that you want to redirect the direct console to.
• Set VMkernel.Boot.tty2Port to the serial port to redirect the direct console to: com1 or com2.
• Click OK.
• Reboot the host.

我在 Shift+O to edit boot options 之後輸入 mboot.c32 -c boot.cfg gdbPort=none logPort=none tty2Port=com1 系統卻說找不到 boot.cfg , 最後是直接修改 VMware 分割區 (需要其他 Linux 系統來修改 VMware 分割區內的檔案,或是利用 UEFI shell 來進行檔案修改)的 boot.cfg 設定檔案 (VMware 有多個分割區,有兩個地方有 boot.cfg 檔案,需要修改的是位於模組的分割區,裡面有很多 .v00…),一樣是修改 kernelopt

將 kernelopt 後的參數修改成如下所示.

[root@benjr ~]# vi boot.cfg
bootstate=0
title=Loading ESXi installer
prefix=images/esx/
kernel=tboot.b00
kernelopt=runweasel com1_baud=115200 tty2Port=com1 gdbPort=none logPort=none
modules=b.b00 --- useropts.gz --- k.b00 --- chardevs.b00 --- a.b00 --- user.b00 --- s.v00 --- ata_pata.v00 --- ata_pata.v01 --- ata_pata.v02 --- ata_pata.v03 --- ata_pata.v04 --- ata_pata.v05 --- ata_pata.v06 --- ata_pata.v07 --- block_cc.v00 --- ehci_ehc.v00 --- weaselin.t00 --- esx_dvfi.v00 --- xlibs.v00 --- ima_qla4.v00 --- ipmi_ipm.v00 --- ipmi_ipm.v01 --- ipmi_ipm.v02 --- misc_cni.v00 --- misc_dri.v00 --- net_be2n.v00 --- net_bnx2.v00 --- net_bnx2.v01 --- net_cnic.v00 --- net_e100.v00 --- net_e100.v01 --- net_enic.v00 --- net_forc.v00 --- net_igb.v00 --- net_ixgb.v00 --- net_nx_n.v00 --- net_r816.v00 --- net_r816.v01 --- net_s2io.v00 --- net_sky2.v00 --- net_tg3.v00 --- net_vmxn.v00 --- ohci_usb.v00 --- sata_ahc.v00 --- sata_ata.v00 --- sata_sat.v00 --- sata_sat.v01 --- sata_sat.v02 --- sata_sat.v03 --- sata_sat.v04 --- scsi_aac.v00 --- scsi_adp.v00 --- scsi_aic.v00 --- scsi_bnx.v00 --- scsi_fni.v00 --- scsi_hps.v00 --- scsi_ips.v00 --- scsi_lpf.v00 --- scsi_meg.v00 --- scsi_meg.v01 --- scsi_meg.v02 --- scsi_mpt.v00 --- scsi_mpt.v01 --- scsi_mpt.v02 --- scsi_qla.v00 --- scsi_qla.v01 --- scsi_rst.v00 --- uhci_usb.v00 --- tools.t00 --- xorg.v00 --- imgdb.tgz --- imgpayld.tgz
build=
updated=0s

參考網頁
www.vmwareadmins.com