VPD / FRU

DIMM 上面有 SPD(Serial presence detect) 可以儲存 DIMM 的相關訊息,那其他 Hardware 有嗎??

VPD

有的 VPD (vital product data) 跟 SMBIOS (System Management BIOS, SMBIOS)/ DMI(Desktop Management Interface) 都是存儲系統硬體或是 BIOS 資訊,但兩者的不同點.在 Linux 下,透過 man vpddecode 或是 man dmidecode 都可以查出,它們儲存的資料稍為不一樣

# sudo man vpddecode
DESCRIPTION
       vpddecode prints the "vital product data" information that can be found
       in almost all IBM and Lenovo computers. Available items are:

       ? BIOS Build ID

       ? Box Serial Number

       ? Motherboard Serial Number

       ? Machine Type/Model

       Some systems have these additional items:

       ? BIOS Release Date

       ? Default Flash Image File Name

       Note that these additional items are not documented by IBM, so this  is
       guess  work,  and as such should not be blindly trusted. Feedback about
       the accuracy of these labels is welcome.

感覺 VPD 主要是儲存製造系統廠商的硬體資訊.而 SMBIOS 主要是所有零件的資訊.

# sudo man dmidecode
DESCRIPTION
       dmidecode  is  a  tool for dumping a computer's DMI (some say SMBIOS) table
       contents in a human-readable format. This table contains a  description  of
       the  system's hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of infor-
       mation such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table,  you
       can  retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hard-
       ware.  While this is a good point in terms of report  speed  and  safeness,
       this also makes the presented information possibly unreliable.

       The  DMI  table doesn't only describe what the system is currently made of,
       it also can report the possible evolutions (such as the  fastest  supported
       CPU or the maximal amount of memory supported).

       SMBIOS stands for System Management BIOS, while DMI stands for Desktop Man-
       agement Interface. Both standards are tightly related and developed by  the
       DMTF (Desktop Management Task Force).

SMBIOS 主要儲存哪些資訊呢!!請參考.

Keyword     Types
------------------------------
bios         0, 13
system       1, 12, 15, 23, 32
baseboard    2, 10, 41
chassis      3
processor    4
memory       5, 6, 16, 17
cache        7
connector    8
slot         9

要看個別資訊可以是 -t 指定

#sudo dmidecode -t 17

類似 VPD 功能還有 FRU 所存取的資料.

FRU

FRU (Field Replacable Unit)EEPROM 位於 BMC 架構下的一塊 EEPROM (請參考下圖) ,主要儲存了 Memory (DIMM),Power Supply, 插入式的板卡等製照商,序號,出廠日 資料.