測試環境為 CentOS 7 x86_64 (虛擬機)
Oh , No 當初不知是怎麼安裝完成的 RedHat 7 ,沒有安裝到 #ifconfig 所以現在不知道要怎麼看 ip ,後來查了一下還有另外一個指令 # ip 可以來用.
而且我還發現該網路裝置開機後沒有被啟動,所以沒有 IP,所以第一步是需要先設定網路裝置.
現在的網卡命名採用了 一致性的網絡設備命名 Biosdevname & net.ifnames 詳細請參考 – https://benjr.tw/93340 .
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 TYPE=Ethernet PROXY_METHOD=none BROWSER_ONLY=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy NAME=ens33 UUID=899772a6-45c4-4559-b6d8-4970f9fcf66e DEVICE=ens33 ONBOOT=yes
ONBOOT 改成 yes ,儲存用 #service network restart 即可 (新的方式採用 ＃systemctl restart network). 或是直接用 #NetworkManager 工具來設定.
ip
預設安裝有 ip 這一支工具來檢視網路狀態.
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | tuntap | maddress | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | netns | l2tp | tcp_metrics | token | macsec }
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -h[uman-readable] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } | -4 | -6 | -I | -D | -B | -0 | -l[oops] { maxi-mum-addr-flush-attempts } | -o[neline] | -rc[vbuf] [size] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -n[etns] name | -a[ll] | -c[olor] | -br[ief] | -j[son] | -p[retty] }
常用語法如下:
- 檢視目前 IP
[root@localhost ~]# ip address show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1b:63:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.111.167/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33 valid_lft 1738sec preferred_lft 1738sec inet6 fe80::cddd:a1cd:13e:ca24/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff如果要設定 static IP Address
[root@localhost ~]# ip address add 192.168.42.172/24 dev enp0s3
- 檢視網路連線狀況
[root@localhost ~]# ip link 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1b:63:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff加入參數 -s (statistics) 還可以看到 RX (Receive) , TX (Transmit) packets , errors , dropped , overrun , mcast , arrier , collsns 等統計資料.
[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 6472 76 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 6472 76 0 0 0 0 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1b:63:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 51232 403 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 36313 248 0 0 0 0 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 0 0 0 0 0 0 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:d6:fd:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 檢視 Routing Table
如果要看 IPV4 Routing table 設定.[root@localhost ~]# ip route show default via 192.168.111.2 dev ens33 proto dhcp metric 100 192.168.111.0/24 dev ens33 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.111.167 metric 100 192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
如果要看 IPV6 Routing table 設定.
[root@localhost ~]# ip -6 route show unreachable ::/96 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable ::ffff:0.0.0.0/96 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:a00::/24 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:7f00::/24 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:a9fe::/32 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:ac10::/28 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:c0a8::/32 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 2002:e000::/19 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium unreachable 3ffe:ffff::/32 dev lo metric 1024 error -113 pref medium fe80::/64 dev ens33 proto kernel metric 100 pref medium
- 新增 Routing Table
[root@localhost ~]# ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 via 192.168.111.2 dev ens33 [root@localhost ~]# ip route show default via 192.168.111.2 dev ens33 proto dhcp metric 100 10.0.0.0/8 via 192.168.111.2 dev ens33 192.168.111.0/24 dev ens33 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.111.167 metric 100 192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
dhclient
如果環境有 DHCP 這時候就不需要辛苦設定 static IP Address ,直接用 #dhclient 指令即可.
[root@localhost ~]# dhclient enp0s3
ifconfig
如果一開始還是用不習慣 #ip ,還是可以安裝回來 #ifconfig ,安裝 net-tools 套件即可.
[root@localhost ~]# yum whatprovides "*ifconfig" [root@localhost ~]# yum install net-tools
沒有解決問題,試試搜尋本站其他內容