測試磁碟 I/O 的工具

測試磁碟 I/O 的工具有 dd, hdparm , Iometer 或是 Fio 的 Disk I/O 來測試儲存裝置的速度.

使用上述四種測試 Disk I/O 工具,環境為一顆 SSD (Micron RealSSD P400e 200Gb SATA III 2.5) 硬碟,連接埠為 SATA 2.0 Intel® I/O Controller Hub 10 (ICH10) ,SATA 2.0 速度上限為
SATA 2.0 Generation 2( 3 Gbit/s) – (20% overhead – 每八個位元的資料串上用十位元來加以編碼) 2.4 Gbit/s = 300 MByte/s

3Gbx0.8=2.4Gb
2.4Gb/8=300MByte (1byte=8bits)

• dd – https://benjr.tw/458
  測試硬碟讀(READ)速度

  #sync; time `dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null bs=1M count=2048`
  
  2048+0 records in
  2048+0 records out
  2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 8.28568 s, 259 MB/s
  
  real    0m8.288s
  user    0m0.007s
  sys     0m1.960s
  

• hdparm – https://benjr.tw/450

  #dparm -t /dev/sdb
  
  /dev/sdb:
   Timing buffered disk reads: 770 MB in  3.00 seconds = 256.53 MB/sec
  

• Fio – Fio – Flexible I/O Tester

  #fio --filename=/dev/sdb --direct=1 --rw=randrw --ioengine=libaio --bs=4k --rwmixread=100 --iodepth=16 --numjobs=16 --runtime=60 --
  
  group_reporting --name=4ktest
  
  512ktest: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=512K-512K/512K-512K/512K-512K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=16
  ...
  512ktest: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=512K-512K/512K-512K/512K-512K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=16
  fio-2.1.3
  Starting 16 processes
  Jobs: 16 (f=16): [rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr] [100.0% done] [262.0MB/0KB/0KB /s] [524/0/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
  512ktest: (groupid=0, jobs=16): err= 0: pid=20128: Wed May 14 14:46:47 2014
    read : io=16371MB, bw=278087KB/s, iops=543, runt= 60281msec
      slat (usec): min=19, max=441961, avg=24841.99, stdev=91484.27
      clat (msec): min=5, max=966, avg=445.56, stdev=137.67
       lat (msec): min=5, max=1336, avg=470.40, stdev=165.62
      clat percentiles (msec):
       |  1.00th=[   66],  5.00th=[  338], 10.00th=[  379], 20.00th=[  400],
       | 30.00th=[  412], 40.00th=[  420], 50.00th=[  433], 60.00th=[  441],
       | 70.00th=[  453], 80.00th=[  465], 90.00th=[  502], 95.00th=[  816],
       | 99.00th=[  873], 99.50th=[  889], 99.90th=[  930], 99.95th=[  938],
       | 99.99th=[  955]
      bw (KB  /s): min= 1633, max=32443, per=6.57%, avg=18283.40, stdev=7191.12
      lat (msec) : 10=0.01%, 20=0.02%, 100=3.84%, 250=0.67%, 500=85.21%
      lat (msec) : 750=2.74%, 1000=7.51%
    cpu          : usr=0.01%, sys=0.14%, ctx=5258, majf=0, minf=471
    IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.2%, 8=0.4%, 16=99.3%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
       submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
       complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
       issued    : total=r=32741/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
  
  Run status group 0 (all jobs):
     READ: io=16371MB, aggrb=278087KB/s, minb=278087KB/s, maxb=278087KB/s, mint=60281msec, maxt=60281msec
  
  Disk stats (read/write):
    sdb: ios=32687/0, merge=0/0, ticks=8082564/0, in_queue=8096520, util=99.92%
  

• Iometer – https://benjr.tw/370
  

結果整理

• dd : 259 MB/sec
• haparm : 256.53 MB/sec
• Fio : 262 MB/sec
• Iometer :189.43 MB/sec

??奇怪 Iometer 設定不管怎麼調整都到不了 250MB/sec 以上.

在 Tomshardware – http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/p400e-review-endurance,3199-5.html 有針對 micron p400e 這顆硬碟做測試.大概可以跑到 400多MBs 以上.(我需要換一台好一點的 Server 了)