Gitlab – .gitlab-ci.yml (Job Rules)

上傳到 GitLab 的程式有辦法自行進行測試嗎? 可以透過 CI/CD的功能. 我們須編輯 .gitlab-ci.yml 檔案來指定整個流程

下面的範例使用 Windows 當作 Runner , 須先建立好 Gitlab Runner – Windows shell ( PowerShell) – https://benjr.tw/106161

將我們的專案 .gitlab-ci.yml 設定如下( 範例是 參考文章 https://editor.leonh.space/2022/gitlab-ci/ ).

stages:
  - build
  - test
  - deploy

default:
  tags:
    - windows
  before_script:
    - Set-Variable -Name "time" -Value (date -Format "%H:%m")
    - echo ${time}
    - echo "started by ${GITLAB_USER_NAME}"

build-job:
  stage: build
  script:
    - echo "running scripts in the build job"

test-job1:
  stage: test
  script:
    - echo "running scripts in the test job 1"

test-job2:
  stage: test
  script:
    - echo "running scripts in the test job 2"

deploy-job:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "running scripts in the deploy job"

詳細說明請參考 – https://benjr.tw/106230

但這邊有個問題是預設只要 Project 內的程式有更新就會建立 pipeline 來進行測試,如果需要指定狀況才執行 pipeline 可以在 Job 定義 Rules 來避免太頻繁的 pipelines 工作.

有以下參數可用,詳細請參考 – https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/index.html#rules

• rules: if
  需搭配 Variables 來做條件式判斷,也可利用 when 一併使用.

  variables:
    $Deploy_DISABLED : 'True'
  
  stages:
    - build
    - test
    - deploy
  
  default:
    tags:
      - windows
    before_script:
      - Set-Variable -Name "time" -Value (date -Format "%H:%m")
      - echo ${time}
      - echo "started by ${GITLAB_USER_NAME}"
  
  build-job:
    stage: build
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the build job"
  
  test-job1:
    stage: test
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the test job 1"
  
  test-job2:
    stage: test
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the test job 2"
  
  deploy-job:
    stage: deploy
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the deploy job"
    rules:
      - if: '$BUILD_DISABLED'
        when: never
  

  說明:

  • 多增加 $Deploy_DISABLED 變數 (variables ) 值為 True

    variables:
      $Deploy_DISABLED : 'True'
    

  • 在 deploy stage 會判斷 $Deploy_DISABLED 變數 (variables ) 值是否為 True (就不執行 when: never)

    deploy-job:
      stage: deploy
      script:
        - echo "running scripts in the deploy job"
      rules:
        - if: '$BUILD_DISABLED'
          when: never
    

• rules: changes
  該檔案有被變更時才會產生 pipeline .
• rules: exists
  在 Project 根目錄下有這個檔案才會產生 pipeline .

  stages:
    - build
    - test
    - deploy
   
  default:
    tags:
      - VM-Win10-PowerShell
    before_script:
      - Set-Variable -Name "time" -Value (date -Format "%H:%m")
      - echo ${time}
      - echo "started by ${GITLAB_USER_NAME}"
   
  build-job:
    stage: build
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the build job"
    rules:
      - exists:
          - Image23.img
  
  test-job1:
    stage: test
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the test job 1"
   
  test-job2:
    stage: test
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the test job 2"
   
  deploy-job:
    stage: deploy
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the deploy job"
  

  說明:
  在 Project 根目錄下有 Image23.img 這個檔案才會執行該 Job .

  build-job:
    stage: build
    script:
      - echo "running scripts in the build job"
    rules:
      - exists:
          - Image23.img
  

• when
  Can only be always or never when used with workflow.
• variables